Process of making soap.



L. STASTNEY.

PROCESS OF MAKING SOAP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. I918. L388,255 Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

- HUM-- 2/ i /0 I I Z N L E l I l5 I a J Fig.1. Fig. 3.

Fig.2. Fig. 4.

Inventor:-

i a citizen cf'the United nated; the

LADISLAW STASTNEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

rnocnss or MAKING soar.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 17 1918.

Application filed May 27,1918. Serial No. 236,826.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LADISLAW STASTNEY,

in the county of. Cook and State of Illinois, have-invented certain neW and useful Improvements in Processes of Making Soap, of which the following is a specificatlon.

This invention relatesto a process for the molding and c'utting'of soap or other like substances, which during manufacture are heated to a heavy liquid condition and thereafter'cooled down to harden.

In the manufacture of soap, as Well as certain other products, the ingredients are generally heated in a caldron or kettle so as to reduce the mass to a heavy liquid state. After receiving sufficient heat treatment, the

Chicago,

fluid is then introduced into suitable recep- 'tacles or molds where it may cool and harden. Now a great length of time is consumed, and much of the material is wasted, if the cooling of the soap by natural processes. Any means, therefore, that will cut down the 'timerequired for cooling, and reduce the waste as well, possesses great advantages.

According to the process of my invention,

1 the time required for cooling the soap fluid is materially reduced; the loss occasioned during the cooling operation is largely elimimass is prevented; the ingredients composing the soap fluid are more closely and intimately mixed; and the cutting of the cooled product into bars convenient for hanas the soap dling is automatically performed mass is ejected from the mold.

Such, in brief, are the objects attained by this invention, and as a suggestive apparatus for the carrying out of my process,one that may be easily understood-reference will be had to. the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure l is a vertical section through a soap cooling apparatus constructed in accordance with the requirement of this invention;

Fig. 2 isa horizontal section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing the plunger slightly elevated; and

Fig. 4: is a plan view of the cutting frame.

In the practice of the present invention,

States, residing at fluid takes place formation of air holes in the soap .pressure is introduced through -tion the mass tends to break This is due, among other mold, preferably rectangular in cross sec-- tion, and formed with lnner walls 6' and outer walls 7 between which is a space 8 providing a jacket. Each unit is suitably mounted On a base 9 and, is equipped with a valved soap inlet 10. communicating with the interior of themold and arranged for connection with a source from which the soap fluid is pumped or otherwise forced. An inlet 11 communicating withthe jacket 8 and an outlet 12 leading therefrom are als provided. 7

Movably arranged adjacent to the bottom 13 of the mold is a plunger or piston 14; equlpped in the usual manner with packing rings 15 forming a tight fit with the walls 6 of the mold. Through the bottom of the mold, I have arranged an air inlet 16 and an outlet 17', as shown. The upperend of the mold is equipped with 18 arranged to form an air tight connection with the m0ld,.and. suitably secured in place as by means of handles 19. The cover is provided further with a vent or overflow valve 2-0, as clearly appears in Fig. 1.

In the operation of the above described apparatus, soap fluid is forced from the kettle through the inlet 10 into the interior- .of the mold, the air vent 20 being open during this interval. At the same time steam is introduced into the jacket through the inlet 11 to raise the temperature of the mold to a point approximating that of the soap as it is charged. When the mold is completely filled, the inlet 10 and the vent 20 are closed, the supply of steam is also shut off, and cool air is then introduced into the jacket through the inlet 11. It will be understood, of course, that during these operations the'outlet 12 is utilized, as requiredfto facilitate throughoutcirculationv of the steam or air the jacket.

' After the cool air entering the jacket and circulating around the mold has caused the soap fluid to become partially cooled, air the inlet 16, thereby forcing the plunger 14 upwardly within the mold to compress Prior tothe introduction of the soap fluid the soap fluid.

a removable cover into the mold, the treatment which it rekettle acts to chemically combine its various constituents, but with commencement of the cooling operaup in a very ceives in the caldron or definite manner. causes, to the following: The fats and oils moisture During the cooling operation,

the a-lkalis tend to separate from the fats and oils as the mass iscooled, the c onse' quence being that certain breaks develop throughout its formation through which the alkalis find their way to the bottom of the mold. Such a soap product is neither dense nor solid, and is commonly the result of natural methods of cooling, or of cooling under artificial conditions other than those which are present in my invention. According to my process, however, the soap fluid is preserved in a heated state until after it is introduced in the mold. It is then cooled under pressure. The effect of this treatment is to hold the ingredients of the mass in a firm and close relation such as to prevent the formation of breaks, pockets, etc, which, if allowed to develop, would cause the ingredients to separate in the manner explained. -The development of air bubbles is likewise prevented, due to the fact that the entire fluid is held under compression, thereby holding the trapped air to the smallest possible volume, and preventing its collection into bubbles of appreciable size. The result of these operations is that the product cooled in the mold becomes a solid cake having aunitorm density, and character throughout. After sufficient cooling treatment, the air entering the jacket is turned off, likewise the pressure working against the plunger is reduced. 7

At this point the cover 18 of the'mold is removed and a frame 21 substitutedtherev for. (See Figs. 3 and 4.. Across this frame are stretched. aplurality of wires 22 adapted to out the soap cake into bars when taeaaaa the mass is raised by air pressure being again applied to the plunger. This opera-, tion forces the soap cake slowly out of the mold and at the same time cuts the soap illustrate a single mold or unit, which is equipped with a plunger for compressing the product being cooled, and'for ejecting the product when cooled, by which action the soap is automatically cut into bars,

' I claim: A

1. The method of bringing a heated soap mass to a cool hardened state which consists in introducing -the soap mass into a closed mold, in applying pressure to the mass while within the mold, and in cooling the mass while compressed within the mold, substantially as described.

2. The method of bringing a heated soap mass to a cool hardened state, which consists in heating the walls of a closed mold to a temperature approximating that of the soap mass, in introducing the soap mass into the mold, in withdrawing the heat from the mold, in contracting the mold to thereby compress the mass therewithin, and in-cooling the mass while compressed within the mold, substantially as described.

3. The method of bringing a heated soap mass to a cool hardened state, which consists in introducing the soap mass into a closed mold, in contracting the mold to thereby compress the mass therewithin, and in cool ing the mass while compressed within the mold, substantially as described.

LADrsLAw srasrnnr.

lVitness: v

EPHRAIM BANNING. 

